Giant cell arteritis is also known as temporal arteritis, is a type of disease which causes inflammation of medium and large vessels that occurs only in individuals older than 50 years of age. The mean age for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis in patients is 72 years. Since giant cell arteritis encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical subtypes, ranging from devastating visual loss and neurological deficits to isolated systemic symptoms, the treatment of giant cell arteritis and recommendations vary widely.
Numerous studies suggest that giant cell arteritis consists of various clinical subsets rather than one uniform disease. Variable expression of different cytokine profiles likely determines the clinical manifestations. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and, more recently, interleukin 6, have been recognized to play a major role in the pathophysiology of temporal arteritis.
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On the basis of treatment type
- Corticosteroid Therapy
- Adjuvant Agents
On the basis of end-user
- Hospitals
- Clinics
- ASC’s
- Others
Regionally, the market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America and Middle East and Africa. Giant cell arteritis is a disease that affects twice as many females than males. Giant cell arteritis is estimated to affect 120,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of GCA in Saudi Arabia is probably less than in the United States and Western Europe. Only 4 positive biopsy results from 72 temporal artery biopsies performed over a 15-year period in Saudi patients.
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Patients should immediately consult a physician if they experience symptoms of transient blurring of vision because of the possibility of impending attacks of giant cell arteritis or transient ischemic attack. Education is the most important step in helping the patient appreciate the clinical facets of this illness, the potential adverse effects of the therapy, and the need for monitoring.